Reasons for exclusion
| Study |
Reason for exclusion |
| Abuzaid H 2003 | No analysis of herniorraphy subgroup |
| Adams HA 1991 | Not English |
| Aitola P 1998 | No VAS pain assessment |
| Alsarrage SAM 1990 | No VAS pain assessment |
| Andersson B 2003 | VAS pain data not reported |
| Arroyo A 2001 | No VAS pain assessment |
| Azurin DJ 1996 | No VAS pain assessment |
| Baker SBC 1980 | No VAS pain assessment |
| Barkun JS 1995 | No VAS pain assessment |
| Behnia R 1992 | No VAS pain assessment |
| Berliner SD 2000 | No VAS pain assessment |
| Brygel M 1985 | Not a comparative study |
| Cheng J-K 1999 | No VAS pain assessment |
| Connelly NR, Reuben SS et al 1997 | |
| Connelly NR, Reuben SS et al 1999 | |
| Corbitt Jr JD 1991 | Not a comparative study |
| Cunniffe MG 1998 | No analysis of herniorraphy subgroup |
| Deans GT 1995 | No VAS pain assessment |
| Deans GT 1998 | Laparoscopic herniorrhaphy |
| Dunn DC 1994 | Not randomised |
| Edwards AE 1984 | No VAS pain assessment |
| Edwards AE 1990 | No VAS pain assessment |
| Ellis FR 1977 | No VAS pain assessment |
| Erdem E 2003 | Not appropriately randomised |
| Ezri T 1998 | No VAS pain assessment |
| Fellows IW 1985 | No VAS pain assessment |
| Fernández-V AS 1999 | Not English |
| Ferzli G 1993 | No VAS pain assessment |
| Fierro G 1997 | No VAS pain assessment |
| Fitzgibbons RJ 1995 | No VAS pain assessment |
| Fitzgibbons RJ 2003 | Description of trial design |
| Flaherty GG 1978 | No analysis of herniorraphy subgroup |
| Friis E 1996 | No VAS pain assessment |
| Garcia LM 1980 | Not a comparative study |
| Gardiner AS 1971 | No VAS pain assessment |
| Ghabash M 1997 | No VAS pain assessment |
| Gilbert HW 1990 | No VAS pain assessment |
| Godfrey PJ 1981 | No VAS pain assessment |
| Gratadour P 1997 | No VAS pain assessment |
| Guillen J 1970 | No VAS pain assessment |
| Guzman-Valdivia Gomez G 2003 | No VAS pain assessment |
| Hashemi K 1983 | No VAS pain assessment |
| Helbling C 2003 | No VAS pain assessment |
| Hetzer FH 1999 | No VAS pain assessment |
| Hirano T 1993 | Not a comparative study |
| Ho YH 1990 | Not a comparative study |
| Jenkinson C 1995 | No VAS pain assessment |
| Job CA 1979 | No VAS pain assessment |
| Johansson B 1999 | VRS pain data not reported |
| Juul P 1999 | No VAS pain assessment |
| Kalman SH 1995 | No VAS pain assessment |
| Kerrigan DD 1993 | No VAS pain assessment |
| Khazam A 1990 | No VAS pain assessment |
| Kingsley D 1998 | No VAS pain assessment |
| Kingsnorth AN 2000b | No VAS pain assessment |
| Knapp RW 1976 | No VAS pain assessment |
| Korman JE 1997 | No VAS pain assessment |
| Kovács JB 1997 | No VAS pain assessment |
| Kumar S 1997 | VAS pain data not reported |
| Kux M 1994 | No VAS pain assessment |
| Lau H 2000 | Not randomised |
| Lau H 2001 | Not randomised |
| Lau H 2002a | Not randomised |
| Lau H 2002b | Not appropriately randomised |
| Lau H 2002d | Not randomised |
| Lau H 2003b | Not randomised |
| Leaverton GH 1972 | No VAS pain assessment |
| Leibl BJ 2000 | No VAS pain assessment |
| Liem MSL 2003 | No VAS pain assessment |
| Makuria T 1979 | VAS pain stats not reported |
| Markey JR 1997 | No VAS pain assessment |
| Mathews S 2002 | No analysis of herniorraphy subgroup |
| McEvoy A 1996 | Not appropriately randomised |
| McGregor RR 1998 | No VAS pain assessment |
| McLoughlin J 1989 | VRS pain statistics not reported |
| Meier DE 2001 | No VAS pain assessment |
| Millikan KW 1994 | No VAS pain assessment |
| Mixter CG 1998 | Laparoscopic herniorraphy |
| Morris J 1995 | Not randomised; VAS pain statistics not reported |
| MRC LGHT Group 1990 | No VAS pain assessment |
| Mulroy MF 1999 | Study of sameridine, discontinued during clinical development |
| Musella M 2001 | No VAS pain assessment |
| Naja MZ 2001 | No VAS pain assessment |
| Naja Z 2002 | Not randomised |
| Nilsson U 2003a | No analysis of herniorraphy subgroup |
| Nilsson U 2003b | No analysis of herniorraphy subgroup |
| O’Connor SA 1988 | No VAS pain assessment |
| Ofili OP 1991 | No VAS pain assessment |
| O’Riordain DS 1998 | Laparoscopic herniorraphy |
| Paajanen H 2002 | No VAS pain assessment |
| Pavlidis TE 2002 | No VAS pain assessment |
| Pollock JE 1996 | No analysis of herniorraphy subgroup for VAS pain data |
| Porrero C JL 1998 | Not a comparative study |
| Prado E 1994 | Not a comparative study |
| Rakower SR 1984 | No VAS pain assessment |
| Ramella G 1993 | No analysis of herniorraphy subgroup |
| Ramirez-Ruiz M 1995 | No analysis of herniorraphy subgroup |
| Rowbotham DJ 1998 | No analysis of herniorraphy subgroup |
| Rudkin GE 1995 | No VAS pain assessment |
| Saff GN 1998 | Laparoscopic herniorraphy |
| Sarli L 2001b | No subgroup analysis |
| Schultz LS 1990 | Not a comparative study |
| Serpell JW 1990 | No VAS pain assessment |
| Simpson JEP 1976 | No VAS pain assessment |
| Simpson PJ 1982 | No VAS pain assessment |
| Smith AI 1999 | No VAS pain assessment |
| Suter M 2002a | Pain data also reported in Suter et al. Surg Endosc 2002;16(8):1214–1219 |
| Suter M 2002b | Duplicate |
| Tverskoy M 1996 | No VAS pain assessment |
| Twersky RS 1995 | No analysis of herniorraphy subgroup |
| Van Hee R 1998 | No VAS pain assessment |
| Vatansev C 2002 | No VAS pain assessment |
| Vogt DM 1995 | No VAS pain assessment |
| Vrijland WW 2002 | No VAS pain assessment |
| Waechter FL 2001 | Not randomised |
| Wassef MR 1998 | VRS pain data not reported |
| Weinbroum AA 2001 | No analysis of herniorraphy subgroup |
| Wilson MS 1995 | Not randomised |
| Wood GJ 1981 | No VAS pain assessment |
| Wright D 2002 | No VAS pain assessment |
| Wulf H 1999 | VAS data not reported |
| Yerdel M 2001 | No VAS pain assessment |
| Young DV 1987 | Not randomised |